A. Match these means of transport with their advantages and disadvantages.

1-INLAND CANALS
Advantages: cheap over long distances.
suitable for bulky goods and recreation, but little else.
Disadvantages: few routes and narrow.
expensive to build and maintain.
no flexibility of routes.
too shallow and short (UK)

2-WATER (OCEAN)
Advantages: cheap over long distance.
no cost in building the route.
good for bulky, low costs goods. (eg. coals, ores, grains)
costs spread over a large cargo.
Disadvantages: slow.
very limited routes to deep-water ports.
ships expensive yo build and maintain.
enviromental problems -especially pollution.
ports take up great space.

3- ROAD
Advantages: fast over shorts routes/motorways.
flexible routes/well developed network.
door-to-door.
independece and privacy.
high quality roads and motorways in many EMDCs.
Disadvantages: expensive over long distance.
slow in urban areas.
costs increase rapidly with time.
expensive to build and maintain.
limited load size/only small loads can be carried.

4-RAIL
Advantages: fast over medium-to-long journeys.
cost effective over medium-to-long journeys.
can carry hundreds of passengers and heavy bulky goods.
safe, dependable and comfortable.
run to a regular and reliable timetable.
avold congestion and delay.
Disadvantages: expensive on short and long routes.
inflexible, limited to routes.
limited by physical geography (gradient)
expensive to build and maintain.

5-PIPELINES
Advantages: continuous flow.
fast.
cheap maintenance.
no hold-ups nor congestion.
good for bulk liquids such as oil and gas.
Disadvantages: very expensive to build.
limited to very level routes.
enviroment problems (eg. Trans-Alaska pipeline)
inflexible once laid.

6-AIR
Advantages: fast over long distances.
limited congestion.
good for high value transport.
good for people, high tech industries and urgent cargo.
Disadvantages: lot of lands needed for airports.
noise and visual pollution.
very expensive to build and maintain.
no flexibility of routes.
carry only small loads.